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Band 48:: Maradan, Mélanie: Uncertainty in deliberate lexical interventions. Exploring Esperanto speakers’ opinions through corpora. 372 S. - Berlin: Frank & Timme, 2020.
ISBN: 978-3-7329-0690-1

Language managers in their different forms (language planners, terminologists, professional neologists …) have long tried to intervene in the lexical usage of speakers, with various degrees of success: Some of their lexical items (partly) penetrate language use, others do not. Based on electronic networks of practice of the Esperanto speech community, Mélanie Maradan establishes the foundation for a new method to extract speakers’ opinions on lexical items from text corpora. The method is intended as a tool for language managers to detect and explore in context the reasons why speakers might accept or reject lexical items.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Acknowledgements		S. 7
Terms and definitions		S. 15
List of figures		S. 17
List of tables		S. 20
Introduction		S. 23

1.	Context, objectives and structure of the investigation	S. 23
Part 1: Theoretical Background
2.	Deliberate lexical interventions and their effectiveness	S. 43
3.	Intervening on speakers’ lexicon under conditions of uncertainty	S. 73
Part 2: Esperanto for scientific research
4.	Using the Esperanto speech community to study lexical phenomena	S. 121
5.	Electronic networks discussing Esperanto lexical items	S. 149
Part 3: Empirical investigation and proposal
6.	Speakers’ lexical environments: insights from focus-groups	S. 179
7.	Methods: A proof of concept for detecting opinionated autonyms	S. 210
8.	Results: Lexical criteria in context	S. 256
9.	Using naturally occurring data to absorb uncertainty in deliberate lexical intervention	S. 290
Conclusion
10.	Conclusion and future research	S. 307

References		S. 311
Endnotes		S. 359
Appendices		S. 367

Acknowledgements			S. 7
Terms and definitions			S. 15
List of figures			S. 17
List of tables			S. 20
Introduction			S. 23

1.	Context, objectives and structure of the investigation		S. 23
1.1.		Background	S. 23
1.2.		Motivation and objectives	S. 26
1.3.		Context	S. 33
1.4.		Overall methodology and research questions	S. 35
1.5.		Thesis structure	S. 38
Part 1: Theoretical Background
2.	Deliberate lexical interventions and their effectiveness		S. 43
2.1.		Introduction	S. 43
2.2.		Why: Goals of an extralinguistic nature	S. 46
2.3.		What: Goals of a linguistic nature in the speech community	S. 47
2.4.		How: The route from aim to achievement for language managers	S. 53
2.5.		Outcomes and effectiveness of deliberate lexical interventions	S. 68
3.	Intervening on speakers’ lexicon under conditions of uncertainty		S. 73
3.1.		Introduction	S. 73
3.2.		Problem statement	S. 73
3.3.		Evaluating deliberate lexical intervention effectivenessin the speech community	S. 83
3.4.		Proposals for language managers	S. 105
Part 2: Esperanto for scientific research
4.	Using the Esperanto speech community to study lexical phenomena		S. 121
4.1.		Introduction	S. 121
4.2.		The emergence of a decentralized speech community	S. 121
4.3.		Lexical change in Esperanto	S. 134
5.	Electronic networks discussing Esperanto lexical items		S. 149
5.1.		Introduction	S. 149
5.2.		Five online networks under the microscope	S. 149
5.3.		Linguistic knowledge and language proficiencyof network contributors	S. 159
Part 3: Empirical investigation and proposal
6.	Speakers’ lexical environments: insights from focus-groups		S. 179
6.1.		Introduction	S. 179
6.2.		Methods	S. 181
6.3.		Results	S. 195
6.4.		Summary	S. 208
7.	Methods: A proof of concept for detecting opinionated autonyms		S. 210
7.1.		Introduction	S. 210
7.2.		Theoretical foundations for the detection of opinionsand autonyms based on natural language processing	S. 211
7.3.		Corpus compilation	S. 218
7.4.		Grammatical features of opinionated autonyms in Esperanto	S. 225
7.5.		Building and evaluating indicators for opinionated autonyms in Esperanto	S. 240
7.6.		xtracting opinionated autonym candidates from the corpus	S. 250
7.7.		Units of analysis extracted from the corpus	S. 252
7.8.		Summary	S. 254
8.	Results: Lexical criteria in context		S. 256
8.1.		Introduction	S. 256
8.2.		Analysing opinionated autonyms	S. 256
8.3.		Speakers’ lexical criteria	S. 260
8.4.		Summary	S. 288
9.	Using naturally occurring data to absorb uncertainty in deliberate lexical intervention		S. 290
9.1.		Introduction	S. 290
9.2.		Assessing and understanding speakers’ lexical knowledge	S. 291
9.3.		Assessing speakers’ lexical opinions	S. 295
9.4.		Understanding speakers’ lexical opinions	S. 299
9.5.		A model for action based on naturally occurring data	S. 301
Conclusion
10.	Conclusion and future research		S. 307
10.1.		Objectives and methods	S. 307
10.2.		Summary of main findings and achievements	S. 307
10.3.		Future research	S. 309

References			S. 311
Endnotes			S. 359
Appendices			S. 367

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